Illustrative Mathematics

RP. Ratios and Proportional Relationships

6.RP. Grade 6 - Ratios and Proportional Relationships

6.RP.A. Understand ratio concepts and use ratio reasoning to solve problems.

6.RP.A.1. Understand the concept of a ratio and use ratio language to describe a ratio relationship between two quantities. For example, “The ratio of wings to beaks in the bird house at the zoo was $2:1$, because for every $2$ wings there was $1$ beak.” “For every vote candidate A received, candidate C received nearly three votes.”

6.RP.A.2. Understand the concept of a unit rate $a/b$ associated with a ratio $a:b$ with $b \neq 0$, and use rate language in the context of a ratio relationship. For example, “This recipe has a ratio of $3$ cups of flour to $4$ cups of sugar, so there is $3/4$ cup of flour for each cup of sugar.” “We paid $\$75$ for $15$ hamburgers, which is a rate of $\$5$ per hamburger.”Expectations for unit rates in this grade are limited to non-complex fractions.

6.RP.A.3. Use ratio and rate reasoning to solve real-world and mathematical problems, e.g., by reasoning about tables of equivalent ratios, tape diagrams, double number line diagrams, or equations.

6.RP.A.3.a. Make tables of equivalent ratios relating quantities with whole-number measurements, find missing values in the tables, and plot the pairs of values on the coordinate plane. Use tables to compare ratios.

6.RP.A.3.b. Solve unit rate problems including those involving unit pricing and constant speed. For example, if it took 7 hours to mow 4 lawns, then at that rate, how many lawns could be mowed in 35 hours? At what rate were lawns being mowed?

6.RP.A.3.c. Find a percent of a quantity as a rate per 100 (e.g., 30% of a quantity means 30/100 times the quantity); solve problems involving finding the whole, given a part and the percent.

6.RP.A.3.d. Use ratio reasoning to convert measurement units; manipulate and transform units appropriately when multiplying or dividing quantities.

7.RP. Grade 7 - Ratios and Proportional Relationships

7.RP.A. Analyze proportional relationships and use them to solve real-world and mathematical problems.

7.RP.A.1. Compute unit rates associated with ratios of fractions, including ratios of lengths, areas and other quantities measured in like or different units. For example, if a person walks $1/2$ mile in each $1/4$ hour, compute the unit rate as the complex fraction $\frac{1/2}{1/4}$ miles per hour, equivalently $2$ miles per hour.

7.RP.A.2. Recognize and represent proportional relationships between quantities.

7.RP.A.2.a. Decide whether two quantities are in a proportional relationship, e.g., by testing for equivalent ratios in a table or graphing on a coordinate plane and observing whether the graph is a straight line through the origin.

7.RP.A.2.b. Identify the constant of proportionality (unit rate) in tables, graphs, equations, diagrams, and verbal descriptions of proportional relationships.

7.RP.A.2.c. Represent proportional relationships by equations. For example, if total cost $t$ is proportional to the number $n$ of items purchased at a constant price $p$, the relationship between the total cost and the number of items can be expressed as $t = pn$.

7.RP.A.2.d. Explain what a point $(x, y)$ on the graph of a proportional relationship means in terms of the situation, with special attention to the points $(0, 0)$ and $(1, r)$ where $r$ is the unit rate.

No tasks yet illustrate this standard.

7.RP.A.3. Use proportional relationships to solve multistep ratio and percent problems. Examples: simple interest, tax, markups and markdowns, gratuities and commissions, fees, percent increase and decrease, percent error.